1. What are the benefits of using problem-solving or educational software?
According to Morrison & Lowther (2010), problem-solving software simulates the decision-making processes in demand by employers. I can only hope that this is true, because if it is, my sons are on the fast track to becoming CEOs of major corporations. Their capacity to plan, for example to 'grow' the necessary vegetables to 'kill' zombies, is amazing. They learn games of incredible complexity in an afternoon. They strategize and make decisions. They prepare for technology and jobs that have yet to be created, as pointed out by the Sony 2009 video presentation to stockholders.
Educational software has also evolved, it is more engaging than ever, and has the advantage of giving immediate, individualized feedback. Mathematics is the subject area in which the most research has been done regarding the benefits of educational software. Educational software can combine tutorials, drills, and immediate feedback to move students towards mastery. Based on my own observations, I see how the software is helpful, especially at times when a learning disabled student is frustrated or not feeling social enough to interact with the teacher. At times like these the software is a huge help, because it can take time that the student might have spent 'shut down' and turns it into constructive academic time. Just for that reason alone I would advocate problem-solving and educational software, but of course there are other larger benefits such as the way problem-solving software can foster higher-order thinking.
2. How do I choose the correct software?
The two most important considerations in selecting software, in my view, are that the content needs to be aligned with standards, and the software needs to appeal to students. Without these key elements, not much good can be accomplished. However, as Morrison & Lowther (2010) point out "research-based instructional strategies...assessment of learning, and ease of use" are also important (p.286).
Software review websites such as SuperKids ( http://www.superkids.com/ ) and others are very helpful in selecting software. Teacher recommendations are also valuable, and I especially like it if I can talk with a colleague who has used the software.
3. When I integrate problem-solving or educational software into a lesson, what changes will be needed?
One thing that should NOT change, according to Morrison & Lowther, is the care with which teachers select lesson material, including software. "To meaningfully integrate educational into a lesson, teachers need to review the content and activities carefully to select the appropriate portions to support the intended learning." (p.299). When integrating software, they recommend that teachers select the software and then plan around what students will do with the computer. This will influence both the preparation and the post-computer activities. For example, if students are using drill and practice software, they might review rules of the operation before using the computer, then create a paragraph or poster summarizing the skill after they use the computer.
Morrison, G.R. & Lowther, D.L. (2010). Integrating Computer Technology into the Classroom: Skills for the 21st century (4th ed.).
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